according to some consultation with a mother-tongue speaker
- under 'after':
simbone emva kokuba ehambe => simbone emva kokuba ehambile
simbone esehambe => simbone esehambile
also, not sure about the "[+ perf. part.]" and "[w/ perf. part.]", which seem to suggest that the "-ile" should've been there ... but this isn't necessary the case always with "after" e.g. a sentence like "we saw him after he had started eating" would be "simbone emva kokuba eqale ukudla"
also: these examples sounds possibly confusing "we saw him after he had left" because you can't see someone after they have they left? unless they left from somewhere else and came to you now (in which case it seems redundant), or the "him" and "he" refer to different subjects (one would usually not speak like this to help disambiguate in such cases), or some other obscure case (e.g. seen via camera or something odd). I suggest changing the example to a more clear one. (Note that if one omits the object to make it "sibone esehambile" the meaning of "bona" shifts from "see" to "realise", e.g. "we realised after he had left".)
- similar story under 'before'?
- under 'eat': 'eat' is not really a noun in English, it is only occasionally used in the plural noun form as 'eats' (snacks etc), but I don't think that can be used in the singular
- under '-khuphuka': also 'climb'
- under '-sutha': this is more to become 'sated' or become 'satisified' (or 'full' while eating) rather than 'saturated' (note one can't say 'saturated' in Eng if referring to becoming full while eating, but '-sutha' is used to indicate that specific meaning)
- under 'recline': mother-tongue speaker says '-qethuka' is more correct than '-cambalala', says '-cambalala' is not really correct for 'recline': -cambalala is usually to lie totally flat, half-asleep/half-awake, usually on one's back. In Eng you wouldn't normally say you are 'reclining' if you are not awake, and 'reclining' is usually more of an obtuse angle than totally flat.
- under 'sleep' (noun): MT speakers suggests 'ukulala'; 'ubuthongo' is more for 'sleepiness' or 'drowsiness'.
- under 'after':
simbone emva kokuba ehambe => simbone emva kokuba ehambile
simbone esehambe => simbone esehambile
also, not sure about the "[+ perf. part.]" and "[w/ perf. part.]", which seem to suggest that the "-ile" should've been there ... but this isn't necessary the case always with "after" e.g. a sentence like "we saw him after he had started eating" would be "simbone emva kokuba eqale ukudla"
also: these examples sounds possibly confusing "we saw him after he had left" because you can't see someone after they have they left? unless they left from somewhere else and came to you now (in which case it seems redundant), or the "him" and "he" refer to different subjects (one would usually not speak like this to help disambiguate in such cases), or some other obscure case (e.g. seen via camera or something odd). I suggest changing the example to a more clear one. (Note that if one omits the object to make it "sibone esehambile" the meaning of "bona" shifts from "see" to "realise", e.g. "we realised after he had left".)
- similar story under 'before'?
- under 'eat': 'eat' is not really a noun in English, it is only occasionally used in the plural noun form as 'eats' (snacks etc), but I don't think that can be used in the singular
- under '-khuphuka': also 'climb'
- under '-sutha': this is more to become 'sated' or become 'satisified' (or 'full' while eating) rather than 'saturated' (note one can't say 'saturated' in Eng if referring to becoming full while eating, but '-sutha' is used to indicate that specific meaning)
- under 'recline': mother-tongue speaker says '-qethuka' is more correct than '-cambalala', says '-cambalala' is not really correct for 'recline': -cambalala is usually to lie totally flat, half-asleep/half-awake, usually on one's back. In Eng you wouldn't normally say you are 'reclining' if you are not awake, and 'reclining' is usually more of an obtuse angle than totally flat.
- under 'sleep' (noun): MT speakers suggests 'ukulala'; 'ubuthongo' is more for 'sleepiness' or 'drowsiness'.
